SEC. 59. Mobilization. - The utilization of the Reserve Force in times of emergency to meet threats to national security shall be through mobilization:

(1) Full Mobilization - Full mobilization shall be through the joint act of Congress and the President. When full mobilization is ordered, all units of the Ready and Standby Reserves will be activated, the reservists constituting them are called to active duty, and the units activated are placed on operational readiness. All other reservists not assigned to any unit or those assigned to reserve pools shall be organized into replacement units;

(2) Partial Mobilization - Partial mobilization shall be through the joint act of Congress and the President. When partial mobilization is ordered, only the units of the Ready Reserve as are necessary to meet the threat will be activated, the reservists assigned to these units are called to active duty and the activated units are placed on operational readiness. The President will specify the units to be activated; and

(3) Selective Mobilization - Selective mobilization shall be by authority of the President. Selective mobilization may be ordered to meet a local threat or emergency situation. When so ordered, only selected units of the Ready Reserve of the localities involved are activated and the reservists assigned to them are called to active duty; or active auxiliary units are organized and volunteer reservists are called to active auxiliary service for the purpose, under such rules and regulations as the Secretary of National Defense may prescribe.

SEC. 60. Status of Reservists under Mobilization. - An enlisted or officer reservist when called to active duty by virtue of mobilization shall receive all the pay and allowances, medical care, hospitalization and other privileges and benefits prescribed by law or regulations for officers and enlisted personnel of the regular force.

SEC. 61. Mobilization Centers. - There shall be established in each province as many mobilization centers as needed corresponding to the number and distribution of reservists in the province to which reservists will report when mobilization is ordered. The citizen military training centers in the provinces established under this Act may also be used as mobilization centers. The Secretary of National Defense, upon recommendation of the Chief of Staff, AFP and in consultation with the local executives, shall prescribe the location of the mobilization centers. The location of these centers shall be given the widest public information by the local executives.

SEC. 62. Demobilization. - When the threat or emergency for which mobilization had been ordered has passed, the President shall order the demobilization of the reserve units activated and the reservists of such deactivated units shall be reverted to the inactive status.

SEC. 63. Auxiliary Service. - For the purpose of helping maintain local peace and order, meeting local insurgency threat, assisting in rescue and relief operations during disasters and calamities, health welfare activities and participating in local socioeconomic development projects, the President may call upon the reservists in the affected or concerned localities to volunteer their services. Such voluntary services shall be referred to as auxiliary service and shall be of two (2) types:

(1) Civil Auxiliary Service - Civil auxiliary service covers services rendered in helping maintain law and order, assisting in rescue and relief operations, participating in socio-economic development projects, delivery of health services and any other nonmilitary activity. Female reservists shall be given greater participation in this regard. Reservists serving under this category shall not be armed. Those who have licensed firearms may be granted permit to carry firearms only when they are actually performing duties in maintaining peace and order, provided adequate control measures are instituted by the proper authorities concerning the carrying and use of firearms. In no case shall the reservists be vested with police powers.

(2) Military Auxiliary Service - Military auxiliary service covers services rendered in meeting local insurgency threat. Reservists serving under this category will be organized into Ready Reserve units. They must be issued and allowed to carry firearms: Provided, That these reservists will be utilized only for the defense of their respective localities and will not be employed outside their localities. Elected/appointed local government officials are expected to perform their duties and responsibilities in their respective peace and order council levels or similar organizations efficiently and effectively to enhance a total integrated system approach against threats to national security. The Secretary of National Defense shall prescribe the rules and regulations to implement this section in coordination with the Secretary of the Interior and Local Government.

SEC. 64. Status of Reservists on Auxiliary Service. - A reservist performing auxiliary service shall not receive pay but shall be entitied to receive allowances and burial benefits as provided by law. With his consent, a reservist on auxiliary service, whether civil or military, may continue to render such service without receiving the allowances due him. A reservist serving military auxiliary service is subject to military law; whereas, a reservist serving civil auxiliary service is not.

SEC. 65. Women Reservists. - Women shall have the right and duty to serve in the AFP. The relevant standards for admission, training and commissioning of women shall be the same as those required for men, except for those essential adjustments in such standards required because of physiological differences between men and women.